What are the reasons for a decrease in semen and sperm volume?

Patient's question:

I've been married to my wife for 6 years, but she hasn't been pregnant yet. At first, I thought there was something wrong with my wife because I had previously gotten pregnant with my ex-girlfriend. Later, my wife went to the hospital for a check-up, and everything was normal. When I got tested for sperm, the doctor said my sperm count was low, making natural pregnancy difficult. I'm really frustrated. What could be the reason for the decrease in semen and sperm volume?

Doctor's answer:

Hello! A semen volume of less than 2 ml each time is called oligozoospermia. Causes of reduced semen volume: ① Obstruction of the vas deferens or congenital absence of the seminal vesicles; ② Pituitary or interstitial cell disease of the testes, leading to a decrease in gonadotropins or estrogen, resulting in reduced semen production; ③ Infectious diseases of the reproductive tract can also cause dysfunction of accessory glands, leading to reduced semen production. It is recommended that you first undergo testing to identify the cause of oligozoospermia. Once the cause is identified, the treatment difficulty will not be very high.

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