Can you get pregnant during your period?

Patient's question:

After having sex with my girlfriend, there were blood clots when she went to the bathroom. Those days she was also on her period, and I don't know if I came inside. She said her period wasn't completely over yet. Can I get pregnant in this situation? If it's 3 or 4 days after the period, can I get pregnant? Thank you.

Doctor's answer:

The first reason why sexual intercourse should be avoided during menstruation is to prevent reproductive system infections. When women experience menstruation, the endometrium (the tissue lining the inside of the uterus) peels off in pieces. During menstrual intercourse, it is very easy for bacteria from the surrounding area of the vulva and perineum (the area between the vaginal opening and the anus) to be introduced into the vagina, cervix, and even the uterus. Bacteria thrive and multiply in the presence of blood, leading to inflammation locally, known as endometritis. This condition not only causes fever and lower abdominal pain but also results in...

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