What is the reason for no menstruation after a year of giving birth?

Patient's question:

I've been postpartum for one year and one month, but my period hasn't arrived yet. What's going on?

Doctor's answer:

Generally, menstruation will gradually return to normal within 3 months after childbirth, but the specific time depends on individual constitution and recovery conditions. Additionally, some people may not have normal menstruation until a year after childbirth. If menstruation is abnormal for a long time, it is recommended to visit a hospital for check-ups of six sex hormones and ultrasound to identify the cause and then receive targeted treatment.
Irregular menstruation can be divided into two major categories. The first category is caused by nervous-endocrine disorders, including uterine bleeding during puberty and menopause, both of which are due to this reason. The second category is primarily caused by changes in the reproductive organs, including inflammation of the reproductive organs. For example, endometritis, tumors, tumors on the uterus, and ovarian tumors, such as granulosa cell tumors of the ovary, can secrete estrogen, leading to menstrual irregularities. Additionally, the ovaries may secrete androgens, which can also affect menstruation and cause irregularities.

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