What factors can cause nipple discharge?

Patient's question:

Gender
Age
Detailed medical history and reason for consultation: 25 days ago, I accidentally squeezed my right breast and noticed a few drops of milky white fluid leaking out. There were no abnormalities in the breast skin, no redness, swelling, heat, or pain. No lumps were observed. The left breast was normal, and there were no other discomforts in the body. I want to know what the possible condition could be? I want to know what the problem is? What tests should I do? Thank you.
Duration of onset and current condition: 25 days
Current general condition, no significant changes in the illness, no other discomforts.
Medical history: 25 days ago, I accidentally squeezed my right breast and noticed a few

Doctor's answer:

Hello, nipple discharge. Even in postmenopausal women, nipple discharge is not necessarily abnormal. In women with nipple discharge, the incidence of cancer is less than 10%. The most common cause of bloody discharge is a small benign tumor (ductal papilloma) inside the breast duct. Some lumps can be palpated directly, while others can be detected through mammography. If the patient is very concerned about the discharge, the lump can be removed under local anesthesia. In women who are not pregnant or breastfeeding and have milk discharge, it often indicates a possible hormonal disorder. It is recommended to check at a local hospital. The following methods can often clarify the diagnosis: prolactin blood test, cytological examination of the discharge, breast ductography, mammography, B-mode ultrasound, CEA determination in nipple discharge (in which 90% of the discharge tests positive for CEA, making it highly diagnostic value), erb-B2 protein content determination in nipple discharge, breast duct endoscopy and biopsy, and pathological examination (any case with nipple discharge and suspected breast nodules should have the lump excised for pathological examination. This is the most reliable diagnostic method).

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