Patient's question:
What causes uterine adnexa? What are the symptoms of adnexitis, and does it cause persistent pain?Doctor's answer:
In the female internal reproductive organs, the fallopian tubes and ovaries are referred to as adnexa of the uterus. Adnexitis refers to the inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. However, inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries often occurs concurrently with parametritis and pelvic peritonitis, and it is also difficult to distinguish during diagnosis. As a result, pelvic peritonitis and parametritis are also included in the scope of adnexitis. Among pelvic organ infections, tubal inflammation is the most common. Due to the close anatomical proximity, tubal inflammation, ovarian inflammation, and pelvic peritonitis often coexist and mutually influence each other. The main causes of its onset include:(1) Postpartum or post-abortion, due to weakened resistance, pathogens can ascend through the reproductive tract and spread to the fallopian tubes and ovaries, subsequently affecting the entire pelvic cavity and causing inflammation.
(2) With the widespread use of intrauterine devices (IUDs), patients may neglect personal hygiene, or surgical procedures may not be performed strictly. Many cases of acute tubal-ovarian inflammation and pelvic peritonitis occur as a result.
(3) Unsterilized intrauterine procedures, such as aspiration, hysterosalpingography with iodized oil, cervical canal treatment, and infections from obstetric surgeries with inadequate sterilization.
(4) Neglecting menstrual hygiene, such as sexual intercourse during menstruation or with unclean partners.
(5) When infections in other parts of the body are not treated promptly, pathogens can spread through the bloodstream to cause tubal-ovarian inflammation, often seen in tuberculosis.
(6) When inflammation occurs in nearby pelvic or tubal organs, such as appendicitis, it can directly spread to cause tubal-ovarian inflammation and pelvic peritonitis. Inflammation typically affects one side of the fallopian tube and ovary.
(7) Sexually transmitted diseases, such as gonorrhea, where after infection, Neisseria gonorrhoeae can spread along the mucous membranes upward, causing inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries.
It is recommended to take Ginkgo biloba syrup or Fuyan Shu capsules under the guidance of a local doctor or pharmacist.