What is primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea?

Patient's question:

What is primary dysmenorrhea and secondary dysmenorrhea? How is it like when it occurs? Can it be fatal?

Doctor's answer:

Primary dysmenorrhea usually occurs with menstrual cramps starting from the beginning of the period, without other inflammatory causes of cramps. Secondary dysmenorrhea is mainly caused by conditions such as endometriosis or adenomyosis, leading to cramps that were not originally present. It is primarily caused by endometriosis-related inflammation. Generally, a detailed gynecological ultrasound examination can confirm the cause of the dysmenorrhea.

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