What is the reason for bleeding after taking emergency contraception pills containing levonorgestrel?

Patient's question:

I had sex with my boyfriend last night and took an emergency contraceptive pill containing levonorgestrel immediately after. Shortly after that, I experienced some bleeding from my lower body. What could be the reason for this bleeding after taking the emergency contraceptive pill? What causes it? What are the side effects of taking this contraceptive pill?

Doctor's answer:

Taking emergency contraceptive pills can result in reoccurrence of spotting, which is a side effect of the medication. This is a withdrawal bleeding phenomenon. Generally, this condition can resolve on its own without the need for treatment. If the bleeding volume is relatively large, comparable to a normal menstrual flow, it can be considered a normal menstrual period. The next menstrual cycle may occur around this time. It is not recommended to take emergency contraceptive pills frequently, as this can easily lead to menstrual irregularities and may also cause facial hyperpigmentation.

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