Natural Active Ingredients Handbook

Author: Chief Editor: Sun Wenji / et al
Publisher:
Publishing Date: 1998-07-01
Features: Content Summary The book "Brief Handbook of Natural Active Components" was compiled by Chief Pharmacist Sun Wenji and others, and reviewed by Professors Zhao Shouxun, Li Huaxiang, and Hang Bingqian. The book includes a total of 2,838 natural compounds, sourced from plants, animals, microorganisms, and minerals, primarily plant-derived pharmaceutical components. It is the most comprehensive reference book in the world for natural drug components as of 1996, with the widest range of active compounds. Each compound entry is written individually, including English name, Chinese name, synonyms, structural formula, molecular formula, and molecular weight, along with source, activity (or use), and references. The book concludes with indexes of Chinese name, English name, activity, and molecular formula, clearly organized. The book is arranged alphabetically by English name for easy lookup. It serves as a reference book for pharmaceutical companies in new product development, hospital preparations, natural product chemistry, and teaching and research in traditional Chinese medicine pharmacology. Excerpt: 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C20H18O4, 322.36 【Source】Root of the Fabaceae plant Erythrina abyssinica. 【Activity】Exhibits antimicrobial effects, inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Sclerotinia liberiana, and Mucor mucedo. 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C25H28O5, 408.50 【Source】Root of the Fabaceae plant Erythrina abyssinica. 【Activity】Exhibits antibacterial effects, inhibiting Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, and Micrococcus lysodeikticus. 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C25H28O, 392.50 【Source】Root of the Fabaceae plant Erythrina abyssinica. 【Activity】Strongly inhibits rabbit platelet aggregation. 0009 Acacetin (Apigenin) 【Synonyms】Apigenin 4-methylether, Luteolin 4-methylether, Linarigenin, Buddleoflauonol. 【Structural Formula】 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C16H12O5, 284.77 【Source】Inflorescences of the Scrophulariaceae plant Buddleja officinalis; flowers and leaves of the Scrophulariaceae Verbascum lychnitis; leaves of the Fabaceae Robinia pseudoacacia (Black Locust). Also found in the leaf extracts of Betulaceae plants, the leaf surfaces of some Asteraceae plants, and the powdery exudates of some fern leaves in the form of glycoside aglycones; in the form of 7-glucoside acid in the Asteraceae plant Cirsium arvense; and in the form of 7-glucoside in the Ulmaceae plant Tilia japonica; in the form of 7-rhamnoside in the Scrophulariaceae plant Linaria vulgaris. 【Activity】Similar to quercetin, it has vitamin P-like effects. Oral administration of 25–100 mg/kg in mice reduces formaldehyde-induced inflammation; 50–100 mg/kg reduces the permeability and fragility of skin and small intestinal blood vessels. Tests on isolated rat small intestine induced by barium chloride, histamine, and acetylcholine show certain spasmolytic effects. It has spasmolytic effects on isolated small intestine specimens of mice spasmodic with acetylcholine, with an efficacy of 75% of papaverine [1]. It is an inhibitor of lens aldose reductase and thyroid peroxidase, and can also inhibit histamine release from rat peritoneal mast cells. It also has allergenic properties. Toxicity is low, with an LD50 in mice of 933 mg/kg [1]. References 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C14H20N2O9, 360.32 【Source】All parts of the Euphorbiaceae plant Acalypha indica L., coexisting with N-methyl-3-cyanopyridone derived from niacin. 【Activity】Toxic to most organisms. 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C10H10O4, 192.17 【Source】Heartwood of the Fabaceae plant Acacia melanoxylon R. Br. 【Activity】This compound is an allergen and one of the active components of Acacia melanoxylon that causes contact dermatitis. 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C19H25NO5, 347.17 【Source】Whole plant of the Asteraceae plant Acanthospermum glandulatum (DC.) Wild [1]. 【Activity】In vitro, it exhibits cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells, with an ED50 of 2.2 μg/ml [1]. References 1. PDBCH: 3 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C17H12O7, 328.28 【Source】Exists in the leaves of Fabaceae plants Caragana acanthophylla and Tephrosia bidwillii in the form of plant antitoxins. 【Activity】Exhibits antifungal effects. 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C23H30O7, 418.47 【Source】Whole plant of the Asteraceae plant Acanthospermum glandulatum (DC.) Wild [1]. 【Activity】In vitro, it exhibits cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells, with an ED50 of 3.1 μg/ml [1]. References 1. PDBCH: 4 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C16H26N4O2, 306.41 【Source】Dry stem of the Asteraceae plant Carduus acanthoides. 【Activity】Exhibits hypotensive effects. 0016 Acantholide 【Molecular Formula and Molecular Weight】C19H24O6, 348.16 【Source】Whole plant of the Asteraceae plant Acanthospermum glandulatum (DC.) Wild [1]. 【Activity】In vitro, it exhibits cytotoxic activity against human nasopharyngeal carcinoma KB cells, with an ED50 of 2.2 μg/ml [1].