Does taking one birth control pill affect fertility?

Patient's question:

I came from a different place to provide services here. We met recently. My current boyfriend and I are living together. A few days ago, when we had sex, we didn't use any protection. I took the birth control pill. Will taking one birth control pill interfere with conception?

Doctor's answer:

Emergency contraception pills contain hormones, which can trigger a recurrence of endocrine hormone abnormalities in the body and disrupt the menstrual cycle in the short term. For some people, this interference may last for 3 months, causing menstrual cycle confusion. The ovulation period may also be affected during these 3 months, making it relatively difficult to distinguish, but it can return to normal after 3 months. Generally, taking emergency contraception once will not lead to infertility. Additionally, emergency contraception pills may cause abnormal bleeding and trigger minimal shedding of the endometrium, so it is best to avoid frequent use to minimize interference with conception.

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