Which items are included in male infertility tests?

Patient's question:

I met my husband here working odd jobs, and now we are married. However, we don't have any children yet because my husband is infertile. We want to get checked, so could you please tell me which tests are involved in male infertility examinations?

Doctor's answer:

For the thorough examination of male infertility, it is generally mainly to check the quality of semen to assess the condition of sperm quality, which may include azoospermia or low sperm motility. Additionally, it is necessary to have a color Doppler ultrasound examination of the testes, epididymis, prostate, or varicocele. Furthermore, tests for anti-sperm antibodies or sexual hormones should also be conducted. It is specifically required to follow the advice of local doctors. Generally, the examination of semen quality requires a week of abstinence.

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