Environmental Pollution Bioremediation Engineering

Author: Chen Yucheng (Editor)
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2003-03-01
Features: The remediation technologies for environmental pollution include three major categories: physical methods, chemical methods, and biological methods. Among these, biological remediation has become an important component of environmental protection technologies. Biological remediation is a process that utilizes the life metabolic activities of organisms to reduce the concentration of toxic and harmful substances present in the environment or to render them completely harmless, enabling polluted environments to partially or fully recover to their original state. This book elaborates in detail on the mechanisms of biological remediation, the receptor characteristics, pollutant characteristics, and environmental conditions that affect biological remediation, as well as the engineering application technologies of biological remediation in polluted soils, rivers, lakes, groundwater, oceans, atmospheres, and solid waste. Written by the author based on long-term teaching and research experiences, and referencing relevant domestic and international books and the latest developments in the field, this book is both scientifically rigorous and instructive. It is suitable for researchers, engineering designers, and management personnel in environmental engineering and related disciplines, as well as for faculty and students in higher education institutions.
Table of Contents:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Section 1 Concept and Types of Biological Remediation
1. Concept of Biological Remediation
2. Origin and Development of Biological Remediation
3. Types of Biological Remediation
Section 2 Characteristics and Applications of Biological Remediation
1. Characteristics of Biological Remediation
2. Examples of Applications of Biological Remediation
3. Prospects for the Application of Biological Remediation
Section 3 Principles and Treatability Tests of Biological Remediation
1. Principles of Biological Remediation
2. Treatability Tests of Biological Remediation
Section 4 Engineering Design of Biological Remediation
1. Site Information Collection
2. Technical Inquiry
3. Selection of Technical Route
4. Treatability Tests
5. Evaluation of Remediation Effects
6. Actual Engineering Design
Chapter 2 Mechanisms of Biological Remediation
Section 1 Microbial Remediation of Organic Pollutants
1. Process of Organic Pollutants Entering Microbial Cells
2. Basic Reaction Types of Microbial Degradation of Organic Pollutants
Section 2 Microbial Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollutants
1. Transformation of Microorganisms on Heavy Metal Ions
2. Absorption and Adsorption of Microorganisms on Heavy Metal Ions
Section 3 Plant Remediation of Organic Pollutants
1. Absorption of Organic Pollutants by Plants
2. Mechanism of Plant Remediation of Organic Pollutants
3. Plant Remediation of Several Typical Organic Pollutants
Section 4 Plant Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollutants
1. Mechanism of Plant Remediation of Heavy Metals
2. Absorption and Translocation of Heavy Metals by Plants
Section 5 Remediation of Eutrophication by Aquatic Organisms
1. Microbial Remediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication
2. Plant Remediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication
3. Ecosystem Remediation of Nitrogen and Phosphorus Eutrophication
Chapter 3 Receptor Characteristics Affecting Biological Remediation
Section 1 Soil Receptor Characteristics
1. Influence of Soil Physical Properties on Biological Remediation
2. Influence of Soil Colloids on Biological Remediation
3. Influence of Soil Chemical Equilibrium on Biological Remediation
4. Influence of Soil Complexation-Chelation Equilibrium on Biological Remediation
5. Influence of Soil Redox Equilibrium on Biological Remediation
6. Influence of Soil Acid-Base Equilibrium on Biological Remediation
Section 2 Surface Water Receptor Characteristics
1. Composition and Properties of Surface Water Bodies
2. Influence of Pollution-Autotreatment of Surface Water Bodies on Biological Remediation
3. Characteristics of Pollution in Surface Water Bodies
Section 3 Groundwater Receptor Characteristics
1. Types and Characteristics of Groundwater
2. Influence of Vapour Zone Pollution on Groundwater
3. Transport of Pollutants with Groundwater
4. Characteristics of Groundwater Pollution
Section 4 Atmospheric Receptor Characteristics
1. Composition of the Atmosphere
2. Meteorological Dynamic Factors Affecting Atmospheric Pollution Remediation
3. Meteorological Thermal Factors Affecting Atmospheric Pollution Remediation
Chapter 4 Pollutant Characteristics Affecting Biological Remediation
Section 1 Priority Pollutants and Target Pollutants
1. Concept and Connotation of Pollutants
2. Priority Pollutants
3. Target Pollutants
Section 2 Influence of Pollutant Chemical Structure on Biological Remediation
1. Influence of Organic Chemical Structure on Biodegradation
2. Prediction of Biodegradability of Organic Compounds
Section 3 Influence of Pollutant Degradation Methods on Biological Remediation
1. Meaning of Co-metabolism
2. Microorganisms, Substrates, and Products Involved in Co-metabolism
3. Mechanism of Co-metabolism
4. Environmental Significance of Co-metabolism
5. Prospects for Co-metabolism Research
Section 4 Influence of Pollutant Bioavailability on Biological Remediation
1. Solubility of Pollutants
2. Octanol-Water Partition Coefficient of Pollutants
3. Utilization of Aqueous Immiscible Liquids
4. Adsorbability of Pollutants
5. Bioavailability of Heavy Metals
Chapter 5 Environmental Conditions Affecting Biological Remediation
Section 1 Non-biological Factors Affecting Microbial Remediation
1. Temperature
2. pH
3. Oxygen Supply
4. Nutrients
5. Coexisting Substances
Section 2 Biological Factors Affecting Microbial Remediation
1. Synergistic Effects of Microorganisms
2. Predatory Effects of Microorganisms
Section 3 Environmental Factors Affecting Plant Remediation
1. pH
2. Redox Potential
3. Coexisting Substances
4. Complex Effects Between Pollutants
5. Plant Nutrients
6. Plant Hormones
7. Biological Factors
Chapter 6 Biological Remediation of Polluted Soils
Section 1 In-situ Microbial Remediation
1. Bioventing Remediation
2. Bioaugmentation Remediation
3. Land Tillage Remediation
4. Chemical Reactor Remediation
Section 2 In-situ Plant Remediation
1. Characteristics of Plant Remediation
2. Plant Remediation of Heavy Metal Pollution
3. Plant Remediation of Radioactive Pollution
4. Development Trends of Plant Remediation Technology
Section 3 In-situ Ecological Remediation
1. Overview
2. Key Technologies
Section 4 Ex-situ Biological Remediation
1. Prefabricated Bed Remediation
2. Pile-type Remediation
3. Bioreactor Remediation
Chapter 7 Biological Remediation of Polluted Rivers
Section 1 Natural Purification Remediation
1. River Water Aeration Remediation
2. Multifunctional River Ecological Engineering Remediation
3. Biological Reagent Addition Remediation
Section 2 Terrestrial Ecological Remediation
1. River Water Land Filtration Remediation System
2. Types of Land Filtration Remediation
3. Effects of Land Filtration Remediation
4. Design of Land Filtration Remediation
Section 3 Aquatic Ecological Remediation
1. Types of Aquatic Ecological Remediation
2. Process of Aquatic Ecological Remediation
Section 4 Wetland Ecological Remediation
1. Types of Wetland Ecological Remediation Technology
2. Natural Wetland Remediation Technology
3. Constructed Wetland Remediation Technology
Section 5 Biological Remediation of Micro-polluted Drinking Water Sources
1. Biological Filter Remediation
2. Biological Rotating Disc Remediation
3. Biological Fluidized Bed Remediation
4. Biological Contact Oxidation Remediation
Chapter 8 Biological Remediation of Polluted Lakes
Section 1 Microbial Remediation of Eutrophication
1. Deep Water Aeration Remediation
2. Biological Reagent Addition Remediation
Section 2 Aquatic Vegetation Remediation of Eutrophication
1. Optimization Design of Aquatic Vegetation Remediation
2. Technical Approaches of Aquatic Vegetation Remediation
3. Harvesting and Utilization of Aquatic Vegetation
Section 3 Biological Manipulation Remediation of Eutrophication
1. Basic Concept of Biological Manipulation
2. Approaches of Biological Manipulation
3. Prospects for Biological Manipulation Remediation
Section 4 Sediment Environment Dredging Remediation
1. Potential Pollution of Lakes by Sediments
2. Characteristics of Sediment Environment Dredging
3. Survey of Sediment Environment Dredging
4. Selection of Sediment Environment Dredging Equipment
5. Disposal of Residual Water and Polluted Sediments from Dredging Sites
Chapter 9 Biological Remediation of Polluted Groundwater
Section 1 Extraction-Treatment Remediation
1. Pump-Treatment Remediation
2. Gas Extraction Remediation
Section 2 Air Stripping Remediation
1. Field Pilot Test of Air Stripping
2. Design of Air Stripping
Section 3 In-situ Engineering Biological Remediation
1. Process Types
2. Design of In-situ Engineering Biological Remediation
3. Typical In-situ Biological Remediation Systems
Section 4 Natural Biological Remediation of Groundwater
1. Natural Biological Remediation Process
2. Reaction Parameters of Natural Biological Remediation
3. Evaluation of Natural Biological Remediation
Chapter 10 Biological Remediation of Polluted Oceans
Section 1 Remediation of Marine Oil Pollution
1. Distribution and Occurrence Forms of Marine Oil Pollution
2. Biological Remediation of Marine Oil Pollution
Section 2 Remediation of Marine Red Tidal Pollution
Section 3 Remediation of Marine Pesticide Pollution
Chapter 11 Biological Remediation of Polluted Atmospheres
Section 1 Microbial Remediation of Organic Gases
1. Process of Microbial Remediation of Organic Gases
2. Microbial Remediation Process of Organic Gases
Section 2 Microbial Remediation of Inorganic Gases
1. Microbial Fixation of Carbon Dioxide
2. Microbial Remediation of Hydrogen Sulfide
Section 3 Plant Remediation of Polluted Atmospheres
1. Green Plants for Remediation of Gaseous Pollutants
2. Green Plants for Remediation of Dust
3. Green Plants for Remediation of Biological Pollutants
4. Oxygen Release by Green Plants
Chapter 12 Biological Remediation of Solid Waste Pollution
Section 1 Biological Remediation of Mine Waste Rock Pits
1. Types of Waste Rock Pit Remediation
2. Procedures for Waste Rock Pit Remediation
Section 2 Remediation of Open-Pit Mining Sites
1. Remediation of Uncovered Shallow Mining Sites
2. Remediation of Covered Shallow Mining Sites
3. Remediation of Uncovered Deep Mining Sites
4. Remediation of Covered Deep Mining Sites
Section 3 Plant Remediation of Mine Tailings Ponds
1. Factors Limiting Plant Remediation of Tailings Ponds
2. Procedures for Plant Remediation of Tailings Ponds
3. Precautions for Plant Remediation of Tailings Ponds
Section 4 Biological Remediation of Landfills
1. Limiting Factors of Landfill Biological Remediation
2. Land Ecological Remediation of Landfill Leachate
3. Examples of Biological Remediation of Landfills
References
This book elaborates in detail on the mechanisms of biological remediation, the receptor characteristics, pollutant characteristics, and environmental conditions affecting biological remediation, as well as the engineering application technologies of biological remediation in polluted soils, rivers, lakes, groundwater, oceans, atmospheres, and solid waste.