Menstrual volume is small, black menstruation, heavy odor, what causes it?

Patient's question:

Menstrual flow is light and dark, during menstruation often feel a strong odor of menstruation, hello, what is the cause of this?

Doctor's answer:

Hello, I'm glad to help you clarify. Normal menstrual blood is dark in color, slightly viscous, and does not clot easily. Upon closer inspection, you can see small, thin fragments. If blood clots or black blood reappear, there may be a faint blood odor. The normal menstrual flow is between 30 to 80 ml. If sanitary pads are not changed promptly, bacteria can compress the proteins and lipids in menstrual blood and sweat, producing an unpleasant odor. Changing sanitary pads frequently is generally recommended to be every 3 hours in winter and every 2 hours in summer. If the menstrual flow is light and dark, it may indicate poor blood circulation. For gynecological conditions, in addition to taking medication, it is also important to pay attention to personal care at work.

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