Patient's question:
I have been married for many years, and my husband and I have been actively trying to conceive, but we have never received any good news. We are very anxious. Please ask: What are the causes of immunological infertility?Doctor's answer:
Immune infertility occurs when anti-zona pellucida antibodies cover the sperm receptors located on the zona pellucida, preventing sperm from recognizing their own receptors and making it difficult for them to bind to the egg. Antibodies can stabilize the surface structure of the zona pellucida, thereby resisting the dissolving effect of sperm acrosome enzymes on the zona pellucida, making it impossible for sperm to penetrate the zona pellucida. In the case of a fertilized egg, due to the stability of the zona pellucida structure, the embryo is sealed within the zona pellucida and cannot implant.Immune infertility arises when sperm and their antigens are absorbed by macrophages and intraepithelial Langerhans cells in the vagina and cervix. The sperm antigens then trigger an autoimmune response with helper T lymphocytes, leading to the induction and activation of autoimmune active cells.