Map of Liaoning Province

Author: Compiled by the Press
Publisher:
Publishing Date: April 1, 2005
Features: Liaoning Province is located in the southern part of Northeast China, at the center of the Northeast Asia region. It borders the Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea to the south, shares a land border with North Korea to the east, and faces Japan and South Korea across the sea. It serves as the gateway for open access in Northeast China and the eastern part of Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region. The province covers an area of 148,000 square kilometers, with a coastline of 2,920 kilometers and nearshore waters covering 64,000 square kilometers. Liaoning has a high level of urbanization, with 14 prefecture-level cities, 100 counties (cities, districts), and a total population of 42.17 million, including 23.61 million urban residents. The central urban agglomeration of Shenyang and the coastal urban agglomeration of Dalian are China's largest and most densely populated urban clusters, as well as highly potential economic zones. In 2004, the province's gross regional product (GRP) reached 687.27 billion yuan, up 12.8%; total social fixed asset investment reached 298.05 billion yuan, up 43.1%; total foreign trade import and export volume reached 34.44 billion U.S. dollars, up 29.9%, with exports of 18.92 billion U.S. dollars, up 29.8%; actual foreign direct investment (FDI) utilized reached 5.41 billion U.S. dollars, with a net increase of 2.6 billion U.S. dollars; local fiscal general budget revenue reached 52.96 billion yuan, up 24%; per capita disposable income of urban residents reached 8,088 yuan, up 10.6%; and per capita net income of rural residents reached 3,307 yuan, up 12.7%.
Geography: Located in the southern part of Northeast China, between 118°53' east longitude and 125°46' east longitude, and 38°43' north latitude and 43°26' north latitude, Liaoning covers an area of 145,900 square kilometers, with a coastline of over 2,100 kilometers.
Climate: Temperate monsoon climate. Due to the influence of its maritime-continental location and terrain, climates vary significantly across different regions. The average annual temperature ranges from 6 to 11°C, and the average annual precipitation ranges from 400 to 1,000 millimeters.
Population: According to the 2003 population sample survey, the total population of the province at the end of the year was 42.10 million, mainly comprising Han, Manchu, Mongolian, Hui, Korean, and Sibe ethnic groups.
Administration: The province is divided into 14 prefecture-level cities, 56 municipal districts, 17 county-level cities, 19 counties, and 8 autonomous counties. Liaoning is abbreviated as "Liao." The provincial capital is Shenyang. Liaoning has a history of ancient civilization spanning over 6,000 years. During the Warring States period, it belonged to the State of Yan. In the Qin Dynasty, it was divided into Liaodong and Liaoxi commanderies. In the Han Dynasty, it was part of Youzhou. In the Tang Dynasty, the Dongantun Commandery and Hebei Circuit were established. During the Liao and Jin dynasties, it was divided into three circuits (roads). In the Yuan Dynasty, the Zhongshu Sheng was established. In the Ming Dynasty, the Duzhibushisi was set up. In the early Qing Dynasty, it was established as Shengjing, later renamed Fengtian Province. In 1929, it was renamed Liaoning Province. It is an important industrial base in China, with developed industries such as metallurgy, coal, machinery manufacturing, chemical industry, shipbuilding, and abundant production of grain, peanuts, fruits, medicinal materials, leather, mulberry silk, and aquatic products. Dalian is one of the coastal open-access cities.
Local Cuisine: Famous dishes include Five-Color Snowflake Scallops, Steamed Jiaji Fish, Pan-Fried Whole Shrimp, Braised Bear Paw, Braised Deer Antler (Elk Nose), Crispy Flying Dragon (Siberian Grouse), and Roasted Horn Fungus (Hericium erinaceus). Famous local snacks include Shenyang's "Laobian Jiaozi" and Li Lian's Smoked Pork with Flatbread.
Local Arts: Acrobatic performances are renowned overseas. The Daguangge (Great Yangge) has various forms, including stilts, dragon lanterns, lion dances, and dry boats.
Tourism Resources: Liaoning's Qianshan and Fenghuangshan are famous scenic areas. Benxi Water and Early Second Cave offer spectacular views. The coastline of the Liaodong Peninsula stretches for 2,200 kilometers. The province boasts beautiful beaches and summer resorts, with Dalian Beach being the most renowned. The Shidao Nature Reserve outside Lushun is world-famous. Liaoning is the birthplace of the Manchu people, and its cultural tourism resources are primarily characterized by Qing Dynasty heritage. The Shenyang Imperial Palace is the second-best-preserved feudal imperial palace in China after the Forbidden City in Beijing. The three imperial tombs of the Qing Dynasty before it entered the Central Plains are all located in Liaoning, with the Beiling and Fuling tombs in Shenyang.