Junior Mechanics Fitter Technology

Author: Chief Editor: Zhu Hua
Publisher:
Publish Date: 1999-10-01
Features:
Fragment:
Overview training requirements to understand the work tasks of maintenance fitters, the principles of workshop setup, and relevant regulations. Be able to correctly use common equipment, tools, measuring instruments, and fixtures.
Work Tasks and Knowledge and Skills to Master
Maintenance fitters are primarily manual laborers who perform maintenance, fault diagnosis and repair, overhaul, modification, and installation and debugging of various power machinery (e.g., diesel engines, gasoline engines, steam engines, water turbines, and gas turbines) and working machinery (e.g., air compressors, press machines, light industrial machinery, and a large number of metal-cutting machine tools) to ensure their normal operation. It can be said that maintenance fitters are the "doctors" who "diagnose and treat" the aforementioned mechanical and electrical equipment. Where there are mechanical and electrical devices in operation, there are maintenance fitters. Maintenance fitters play a crucial and irreplaceable role in the production of all industries and sectors of the national economy.
### I. Work Tasks
Different enterprises and factories have varying specific circumstances, leading to differences in the work tasks assigned to maintenance fitters. However, in general, their tasks do not go beyond the following aspects:
1. Major Overhaul: Completely disassembling the equipment, repairing reference parts, replacing and repairing worn parts, scraping or grinding all guide rails, comprehensively eliminating defects, and restoring the original accuracy, performance, and efficiency of the equipment, approaching or reaching factory standards.
2. Medium Overhaul: Partially disassembling the equipment, repairing or replacing worn parts, correcting some inconsistent links between components, adjusting coordinates to restore and maintain the accuracy, performance, and efficiency of the equipment until the next overhaul.
3. Minor Overhaul: Cleaning the equipment, partially disassembling and inspecting components, replacing and repairing a small number of worn parts, adjusting and securing mechanisms, and ensuring the equipment meets production process requirements.
4. Second-Level Maintenance: Primarily performed by mechanical (electrical) maintenance personnel with auxiliary support from operators, involving the disassembly and inspection of components, repair or replacement of severely worn parts, cleaning and inspection, and restoring partial accuracy to meet process requirements.
5. Item Repair: For precision, large-scale, and specialized equipment, which requires significant human, material, and financial resources, as well as longer downtime for major overhauls, partial repairs are conducted to bring the equipment into a sound condition that meets process requirements.
6. Regular Precision Inspection and Adjustment: For precision machine tools and key equipment responsible for critical processing operations, especially high-precision equipment, in addition to planned maintenance, regular precision inspections are conducted during the maintenance intervals. If deviations or abnormal phenomena are found, maintenance fitters perform calibration. If scraping or replacing larger parts is required to adjust precision without affecting processing quality, it can be addressed during the next planned maintenance.
7. Fault Repair: Repairs organized due to temporary equipment damage.
8. Emergency Repair: Repairs conducted when an equipment accident occurs.
9. Equipment Modification: To address the two types of wear in equipment—natural wear and invisible wear—especially invisible wear (technical obsolescence)—advanced, mature, and reliable new technologies, new materials, and new processes are applied to reasonably, economically, pragmatically, and effectively modify old equipment and machine tools to meet the needs of production development.
10. Installation and Commissioning of New Equipment: Installing, commissioning, and accepting newly updated or added equipment into use.
### II. Knowledge and Skills to Master
With the rapid development of science and technology, advanced mechanical and electrical equipment with high precision, high automation, multifunctionality, and high efficiency are continuously emerging. The modern production pace that applies these types of equipment is also becoming faster. Consequently, the technical requirements, complexity, and indispensably irreplaceable manual operation skills—such as scraping, grinding, marking, and straightening—for repairing these mechanical and electrical devices are also increasing. This inevitably demands that maintenance fitters performing the aforementioned tasks possess more accurate, faster, and stronger analytical and judgmental abilities, allowing them to truly be at ease and skillful in actual operations to achieve optimal results—such as "curing the illness with a single touch" or "seeing immediate results." In short, the maintenance fitters of today and the future are not just skilled with their hands but more importantly, skilled with their minds. Therefore, maintenance fitters should have a solid theoretical foundation, extensive professional knowledge, and superior operational skills. Moreover, knowledge and skills must be perfectly matched and integrated, growing in sync with the times.