Junior Forging Technician

Author: Chief Editor: Lin Daofu
Publisher:
Publishing Date: 1999-10-01
Features: This book is one of the unifiedly compiled "Vocational Skills Training Textbooks for Mechanical Workers" by the Ministry of Machinery and Electricity. It is developed according to the requirements of the "Workers' Technical Grading Standards" and the national "Occupational Skills Appraisal Specifications" (Assessment Outline), undertaken by the China Second Heavy Machinery Group Corporation. The main content includes the relevant professional basic knowledge that a primary forging worker should possess, forging materials and their heating, open-die forging, impression-die forging, die forging, and safety technology for forging workers. In addition to serving as a vocational skills training textbook for primary forging workers, this book can also be referenced by relevant technical personnel and students of technical schools.
Excerpt: Knowledge Training Requirements: Understand the physical and mechanical properties of metal materials, as well as the knowledge of forging part cooling and heat treatment; master the basic calculations for forging production; understand the mechanical transmission knowledge related to forging workers.
Section Metal Materials' Physical and Mechanical Properties
I. Classification of Metal Materials
Metal materials are the most widely used materials in modern industries, agriculture, national defense, science, and technology, and are also the main raw materials for forging production. Among the elements discovered in nature, metal elements account for 4/5, which is several times more than non-metallic elements. Metal materials refer to engineering materials composed of metal elements or primarily made from metal elements, possessing metal characteristics. They include pure metals and alloys. Metal refers to substances with good electrical and thermal conductivity, certain strength and plasticity, and a special luster, such as iron, copper, and aluminum. Alloy refers to a substance formed by melting one metal element with other elements, possessing metal characteristics. Metal materials, especially steel materials, play a significant role in various fields of the national economy and have extremely broad applications, capable of adapting to the needs of production and technological development. This is due to their superior properties compared to other materials, such as physical properties, mechanical properties, and process performance. Based on the color of the metal, they are typically divided into two major categories: ferrous metals and non-ferrous metals.
1. Ferrous Metals
Materials formed by iron or primarily composed of iron are called ferrous metals. Examples include pig iron and steel.
2. Non-Ferrous Metals
All metals and alloys other than ferrous metals are referred to as non-ferrous metals. Examples include copper, aluminum, titanium, and their alloys.
II. Physical Properties of Metals
In mechanical industry production, a wide variety of metal materials are used. To process and reasonably select metal materials, it is essential to fully understand and master their properties. The properties of metals are mainly divided into two aspects: performance in use and process performance. Performance in use includes physical, chemical, and mechanical properties, while process performance mainly includes casting performance, forging performance, welding performance, machining performance, and heat treatment performance. First, the physical properties of metals are introduced.