Latest China National Conditions Reader

Author: National Bureau of Statistics of China
Publisher:
Publish Date: 2004-11-01
Features: To meet the needs of people at home and abroad to understand China's national conditions, recognize China's national conditions, and master China's national conditions, we have compiled the Comprehensive Introduction to China's National Conditions. This book adheres to the principle of seeking truth from facts and provides a comprehensive and concise introduction to China's history, resources, environmental protection, culture, ethnic groups, religion, politics, economy, science and technology, education, health, military, national defense, and foreign affairs, based on new statistical data (statistics as of the end of 2003) and objective facts. It is an authoritative and concise popular reading on China's national conditions. This book is also one of the key books of the national "Tenth Five-Year Plan." In this book, data and analysis related to the country refer to all 31 provinces, autonomous regions, and municipalities in mainland China, unless otherwise specified, excluding Hong Kong, Macao, and Taiwan. National conditions refer to the basic situation and main characteristics of a country in terms of politics, economy, culture, and society. China is an ancient civilization with a long history. On October 1, 1949, the founding of the People's Republic of China marked a new era in the development of Chinese history. In the 55 years since the founding of the People's Republic of China, despite the storms and difficulties, the great achievements achieved have been world-renowned, and the face of China has undergone earth-shaking changes. The economy has developed rapidly, political civilization has continuously improved, people's living standards have been steadily raised, science and technology have been advancing by leaps and bounds, cultural and educational undertakings have developed comprehensively, military strength has been continuously strengthened, and opening-up has been fully carried out, with a greatly enhanced comprehensive strength. China is integrating into the world with a brand-new posture. China cannot be separated from the world, and the world also needs China. China's influence on the world is constantly expanding, and the world is paying more attention to China's development. In December 2001, China joined the World Trade Organization, further integrating its economy into the global economic tide. In October 2003, the successful manned space flight of Shenzhou-5 marked a new step in the advancement of science and technology. The Chinese nation stands tall among the world's nations with a brand-new appearance. Understanding and recognizing national conditions is a basic requirement for citizens. As a Chinese citizen, loving China and revitalizing China requires first knowing China. Understanding and recognizing national conditions, reflecting on history, understanding the present, and grasping the future can enhance the sense of responsibility and confidence in revitalizing the country. Understanding China's national conditions is also the premise and foundation for exchanges between China and the world and common development. In 2003, China's national economic growth rate and foreign investment attraction were the highest in the world, with 11.4 million foreign tourists entering China. The demand for understanding China, recognizing China, and engaging with China is increasing. Understanding and mastering national conditions are essential for decision-making. Historical experience shows that decisions that suit national conditions are more likely to succeed when implemented, while those that do not will face difficulties and twists.
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Natural and Human Geography
Section 1 History
- Ancient China
- Modern China
- Inheritance of Civilization
- Establishment of the People's Republic of China
Section 2 Territory
- Landforms and Topography
- Administrative Divisions
- Water Resources
- Mineral Resources
- Marine Resources
- Biological Resources
- Climate Resources
- Tourism Resources
Section 3 Population
- Total Population
- Population Composition
- Natural Population Change
- Population Migration
- Floating Population
- Urbanization
- Marriage Status
- Population Cultural Quality
- Family Planning Policy
Section 4 Ethnic Groups
- Total Number and Distribution of Ethnic Groups
Section 5 Religious Beliefs
- Main Religions
- Religious Organizations and Activities Venues
Chapter 2 Political System
Section 1 Political System
- Constitution's Provisions on China's Political System
- United Front and Political Consultative Conference
- The Role and Rights of Citizens in National Political Life
- People's Congress System
- Standing Committee of the National People's Congress
Section 2 The Communist Party of China and the Democratic Parties
- The Communist Party of China
- Democratic Parties
- Major Social Organizations
Section 3 Socialist Rule of Law
- Court System
- Procuratorial System
- Public Security Organs
Chapter 3 Economic Development
Section 1 National Economic Development
- Basic Economic System
- Comprehensive Development of National Economy
- National Economic Plan
- Foreign Direct Investment
- Economic Development Strategy
- Investment in Construction
- Main Achievements of Foreign Investment in Fixed Asset Investment
- Investment Direction of Foreign Investment in Fixed Asset Investment
Section 2 Agriculture
- Basic Resources of Agriculture
- Agricultural Regions
- Rural Industrial Structure
- Agricultural Modernization
- Development Status of Planting Industry
- Development Status of Forestry
- Development Status of Animal Husbandry
- Development Status of Fishery
Section 3 Industry
- Current Situation of Industrialization
- Industrialization Path
- Coal Industry
- Power Industry
- Petroleum Industry
- Steel Industry
- Non-ferrous Metal Industry
- Machinery Industry
- Electronics Industry
- Automotive Industry
- Shipbuilding Industry
- Chemical Industry
- Building Materials Industry
- Textile Industry
- Food Industry
- Pharmaceutical Industry
Section 4 Construction and Real Estate Industry
- Construction Industry
- Qualification Management of Construction Enterprises
- Engineering Survey and Design Industry
- Real Estate Industry
Section 5 Transportation and Postal and Telecommunications Industry
- Transportation Industry
- Railway Transport
- Highway Transport
- Water Transport
- Civil Aviation
- Pipeline Transport
- Postal Industry
- Telecommunications Industry
- Mobile Communications Industry
- Internet
- Emerging Communication Value-added Services
Section 6 Domestic and Foreign Trade
- Development History of Commodity Markets
- Current Development of Commodity Markets
- Price Management
- Wholesale and Retail Industry
- Catering Industry
- Accommodation Industry
- Chain Retail Industry
- Catering Industry
- Commodity Trading Markets
- Foreign Trade
- Foreign Project Contracting and Labor Cooperation
- Structure of Foreign Direct Investment
- Methods of Foreign Direct Investment
- Customs and Tariffs
- Economic Special Zones
- Development Zones
- Bonded Zones
- Export Processing Zones
- Foreign Direct Investment in Foreign Countries
Section 7 Finance and Taxation
- Financial Management System
- Financial Revenue and Expenditure
- Debt Revenue and Expenditure
- National Budget
- Tax Management System
- Tax System
Section 8 Financial Market
- Financial Management System
- Central Bank and Financial Regulatory Bodies
- Monetary Policy
- Money Supply
- Interest Rates
- Stock Price Index
- Insurance Market
- Foreign Exchange Management System
- Futures Market
- Commercial Banks
- Securities Companies
- Insurance Companies
- Fund Companies
Section 9 People's Livelihood
- Urban Residents' Income and Expenditure
- Rural Residents' Income and Expenditure
- Urban Residents' Life Consumption and Consumption Structure
Chapter 4 Foreign Affairs
Section 1 Main Foreign Policies
Section 2 Development Status of Foreign Affairs
Chapter 5 National Defense
Section 1 National Defense Policy
Section 2 National Defense System
Section 3 Armed Forces
Section 4 Military Service System
Chapter 6 Science and Technology
Section 1 Science and Technology Work
Section 2 National Science and Technology Plans
Section 3 Science and Technology Achievements
Section 4 Science and Technology Investment and Services
Chapter 7 Education, Culture, Health, and Sports
Section 1 Education Status and Reform
Section 2 Cultural Undertakings
Section 3 Health Undertakings
Section 4 Sports Undertakings
Section 5 Beijing Olympics
Chapter 8 Labor and Social Security
Section 1 Employment Status and Policies
Section 2 Labor Compensation
Section 3 Social Security
Chapter 9 Urban Development and Public Utilities
Section 1 Urban Construction and Development
Section 2 Urban Municipal Public Utilities
Section 3 Urban Housing Construction
Chapter 10 Environmental Protection
Section 1 Development Status of Environmental Protection
Section 2 Environmental Conditions
Section 3 Environmental Pollution Prevention
Chapter 11 Hong Kong Special Administrative Region, Macao Special Administrative Region, and Taiwan Province
Main Socio-economic Indicators