Cardiovascular Disease Sign Diagnosis Color Atlas

Author: Fuller (USA)
Translator: Wang Jin et al.
Editor-in-Chief: Zhao Liqin
Publisher:
Publishing Date: 2000-01-01
Features: The "Pocket Color Atlas of Diagnosis" series is licensed from the world-class medical publisher Churchill Livingstone (UK). The series covers the following areas: cardiology, emergencies, orthopedics, pediatrics, dermatology, gynecology, obstetrics, neurology, infectious diseases, ophthalmology, hematology, rheumatology, oral pathology, oral diseases, orthodontics, oral internal and external medicine, periodontics, neonatology, otolaryngology, diabetes, gastrointestinal diseases and liver diseases, sexually transmitted diseases, HIV and AIDS, and surgical signs. The original authors of these books are authorities in various disciplines of the world medical field. They have made significant contributions in pathogenesis, diagnostic techniques, and treatment methods, and all have extensive clinical experience. Therefore, these books are academically advanced and authoritative in etiology, pathology, diagnosis, and treatment. The numerous photographs provided in the books were taken by medical professionals abroad using advanced techniques under specific conditions, and many of them are published for the first time, making them extremely valuable. The images are clear, the cases are typical, and the locations are accurate; the captions are concise and highlight key points, serving as a guide for clinicians in the diagnosis and treatment of related diseases. These books were translated and published by experts and scholars from various disciplines of Chinese medicine under the organization of our company. To ensure that the printing and binding quality of the Chinese edition meets the level of the original version, our company commissioned the original publisher for printing and binding. The color photographs of surgical signs reflect more than 60 cardiovascular conditions, each accompanied by text descriptions for easy clinical reference. Over 250 actual clinical photographs, images, echocardiograms, and electrocardiograms are arranged by location and symptom cluster. They focus on clinical symptoms with brief text descriptions highlighting key points, reflecting the latest clinical data.
Example Segment:
Mild mitral stenosis is often accompanied by left atrial diastolic pressure exceeding left ventricular diastolic pressure by 10 mmHg or more (Figure 2.17). The pressure gradient depends not only on cardiac output but also on the mitral valve area and diastolic filling period. The mitral valve area can be calculated using the Gorlin formula. For detailed references, see: Assey ME, Usher BW, Hendrix GH. Valvular heart disease: use of invasive and non-invasive techniques in clinical decision-making. Part 2; Mitral valve disease. Mod Concepts Cardiovasc Dis 1989; 58: 61-66. Gorlin R, Gorlin SE. Hydraulic formula for calculation of the area of stenotic mitral valve, other cardiac valves, and central circulatory shunts. Am Heart J 1951; 41: 1-29. Wood P. An appreciation of mitral stenosis. BMJ 1954; 1: 1051-1063.
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension (Primary Pulmonary Hypertension)
Primary Pulmonary Hypertension (PPH) refers to the persistent elevation of pulmonary artery pressure of unknown cause, especially in the absence of pulmonary disease, connective tissue disease, congenital cardiovascular disease, left heart disease, and pulmonary embolism. The National Institutes of Health (NIH) registry requires that pulmonary artery pressure exceeding 25 mmHg at rest should be considered for diagnosis (normal pulmonary artery pressure: 12-17 mmHg). PPH is relatively rare, with an incidence of 1/1,000,000 to 2/1,000,000. It is more common in women aged 30-40. In the NIH registry, the female-to-male ratio is 1.7:1. When diagnosing PPH, several risk factors should be considered. Approximately 0.5% to 2% of patients have human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection or portal hypertension with pulmonary vascular disease. Inappropriate intravenous drug use, especially when drugs are impure, can lead to pulmonary hypertension. Appetite suppressant drugs such as amphetamine, aminorex, fenfluramine, and dexfenfluramine increase the risk of PPH by 6.3 to 20 times. Consuming toxic rapeseed oil can lead to pulmonary hypertension. According to the NIH registry, 6% of PPH cases are familial, and pulmonary hypertension can occur in hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia. Pathological and histological studies have shown that PPH involves various pulmonary artery lesions, including medial hypertrophy, intimal fibrosis,, thrombosis, and venous occlusive disease. It has been reported that 28% to 71% of patients have lesions in small pulmonary arteries. These lesions are non-specific in PPH and can also be seen in secondary pulmonary hypertension. Dyspnea is the most common symptom, accounting for about 60% in early PPH cases (Figure 2.18) and more than 90% during the course of the disease. Common symptoms include fatigue, angina, and exertional syncope. Approximately 10% of patients have Raynaud's syndrome. The disease may progress to right heart failure. The average time from symptom onset to diagnosis is 2 years. The average survival time after diagnosis is reported to be 3 years, with a few patients surviving more than 10 years.