What are the symptoms of asthma in children?

Patient's question:

Sure, here is the translation of the content you provided:
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Doctor's answer:

When children are stimulated by allergens, cold air, or other triggers, they often first exhibit symptoms of upper respiratory tract allergies, such as itchy eyes, itchy nose, sneezing, and clear nasal discharge. Infants and toddlers, unable to communicate, may only show signs like rubbing their noses and eyes. Further symptoms may include itchy palate, scratchy throat, dry cough, and choking cough.
2. Sudden onset of wheezing is a primary characteristic of pediatric asthma. The wheezing symptoms of pediatric asthma vary significantly depending on the severity of the asthma. The child may produce high-pitched wheezing sounds, which can be heard without a stethoscope or from a distance. The respiratory rate may increase, and breathing may become difficult. Infants and toddlers may show signs such as open-mouth breathing and flaring nostrils.
3. During severe episodes, symptoms may include restlessness, cyanosis, pale complexion, and cold sweat. Physical examination may reveal the "three sign" (intercostal and subcostal retractions), increased heart rate, and wheezing sounds in both lungs. Further worsening may lead to signs of heart failure, such as jugular venous distension, edema, medium and small crackles at the lung bases, and hepatomegaly.

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