Aristotle

Author: Yao Daizhong
Publisher:
Publish Date: 1998-10-01
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Principal of Fudan University Affiliated High School, Cao Tianren
Aristotle was one of the greatest philosophers and scientists of ancient times. He founded formal logic, which enriched almost every philosophical field, and made numerous contributions to science. Aristotle was born in Stagira, Macedon, in 384 BC. His father was a renowned physician. At the age of seventeen, Aristotle went to the Platonic Academy in Athens to study. He remained there for twenty years until shortly after Plato's death. Under his father's influence, he developed an interest in biology and "practical sciences." In 342 BC, Aristotle returned to Macedon and served as a private tutor for the thirteen-year-old son of the king—historically known as Alexander the Great—for several years. In 335 BC, after Alexander ascended the throne, Aristotle returned to Athens and founded his own school, the Lyceum. For the following twelve years, he remained in Athens, a period that roughly coincided with Alexander's military conquests. Alexander did not seek advice from his former mentor but generously provided him with research funding. This may have been the first instance in history where a scientist received substantial research funding from the government, and also the last such instance for several centuries.