Patient's question:
The small head came out from under the eggshell.Doctor's answer:
Hypospadias is the most common congenital anomaly of the male urinary and reproductive system, with an incidence of 1/300. Some believe this condition has an autosomal recessive inheritance; if a couple has one child with hypospadias, there is a 10% chance that other children born may also be affected. Under normal circumstances, after the seventh week of embryonic development, the urethral folds gradually fuse from the proximal urethra to the glans penis to form a tubular structure, which is the urethra. This process depends on the secretion of androgens by the embryonic gonads and also depends on the response of the embryonic urethral groove and folds to dihydrotestosterone. When the formation of the tubular urethral folds is impaired, hypospadias occurs. Additionally, the mesenchymal tissue at the urethral orifice fails to develop, forming a fan-shaped fibrous cord that surrounds the external urethral orifice and extends and embeds into the glans penis. Therefore, hypospadias has five basic anatomical features:1. Absence of the preputial frenulum;
2. The prepuce is concentrated on the dorsal side of the glans in a "turban-like" manner;
3. The glans is flattened like a shovel;
4. Penile curvature, which is particularly noticeable during erection;
5. Abnormal position of the external urethral orifice.
Classification
Clinically, it is classified based on the position of the urethral orifice.
① Glans type or coronal sulcus type: The urethral orifice is located at the central ventral part of the coronal sulcus. Except for a narrower urethral orifice, this type generally does not affect urination and sexual function and may not require surgical treatment.