How can epilepsy be confirmed?

Patient's question:

Girl, two months ago, after waking up early, she had an episode with symptoms similar to this one. After resting for several hours, she went to the hospital for examination. An electroencephalogram and magnetic resonance imaging were performed, and all the tests were normal. Her pulse was also normal. Therefore, it was not diagnosed. But she usually has mild hand tremors when waking up early. She stayed up very late on Friday, and with the added stress of exams in the previous few days, she woke up at 10 a.m. on Saturday and found the tremors were severe, followed by another episode. How can this be diagnosed?

Doctor's answer:

If after being examined by a doctor in a formal hospital and it is indeed considered possible that epilepsy may be the cause, it is still necessary to undergo an electroencephalogram (EEG) test to confirm it. A conventional EEG test showing no abnormalities does not mean there is no epilepsy, because the electrodes used in a conventional EEG test are relatively few, and the examination time is generally very short, making it difficult to capture the epilepsy waves. Some primary epilepsy cannot be detected even with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Therefore, even if the tests you have undergone show no problems, it does not completely rule out the possibility of epilepsy.
Guidelines:
It is recommended that you go to a formal hospital and, if possible, consult a doctor with more experience. First, determine whether the symptoms are indeed epilepsy, as this will determine the next steps in the diagnostic process. If the symptoms are confirmed as epilepsy or highly suspected to be so, it is advisable to undergo a long-term, multi-channel EEG, such as a 64-channel EEG or even a 1

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