Patient's question:
.5 years old description of the problem: Chest protrusion in a "pigeon chest" shape, legs in an X shape, slow tooth growth.Doctor's answer:
Rickets are relatively common in infancy, a disease caused by vitamin D deficiency leading to disorders in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, resulting in poor bone calcification. Rickets develop slowly and are not easily noticed. Rickets weaken children's immunity, making them more susceptible to complications such as pneumonia and diarrhea, which affect their growth and development. Therefore, active prevention and treatment are essential.In the early stages of childhood rickets, common symptoms include night sweats, sleep disturbances, excessive sweating, and irritability. In more severe cases, muscle tone decreases, joints become loose, the abdomen swells, and growth and development are also affected. Skeletal changes are the main manifestations of rickets. In the early stages, the skull may soften, and by 7–8 months, a square skull and delayed fontanel closure may appear. The chest may show costal beads, pigeon chest, or funnel chest. The wrists and ankles may become enlarged, forming bracelet-like changes. Additionally, due to bone softening, knock knees (O-shaped legs) or bow legs (X-shaped legs) may develop, commonly referred to as "circular legs."
The key to preventing rickets is to act early and address minor issues. Breastfeeding is recommended, along with the appropriate addition of complementary foods. It is important to note that the tolerance and toxicity levels of vitamin D vary greatly among individuals. Therefore, do not routinely or excessively give children fish oil and calcium supplements to avoid toxicity. It is advisable to check blood trace elements to determine the appropriate amount of calcium and vitamin AD supplements needed.
Treatment: Gluconate calcium lozenges (dissolved in water and taken orally) can be used, while calcium supplementation should be accompanied by vitamin D supplementation (e.g., Ecosin or vitamin D drops) to promote calcium absorption.