Patient's question:
Su duoOther: The medications for children contain antibiotics
Doctor's answer:
Hello;Antibiotics were previously known as "antibacterial agents." In fact, they not only kill bacteria but also have a good inhibitory and killing effect on other pathogenic microorganisms such as fungi, mycoplasma, and chlamydia. In recent years, "antibacterial agents" have generally been referred to as "antibiotics."
In simple terms, antibiotics are drugs used to treat various bacterial infections or infections caused by other pathogenic microorganisms.
Currently, the main categories of antibiotics used in clinical practice are as follows:
1. Penicillin-class: The earliest antibiotics used in clinical practice, with high efficacy and low toxicity. Their main function is to cause abnormal development of the cell walls of susceptible bacteria, leading to their death. Since humans and mammals lack cell walls, antibiotics with effective concentrations have almost no impact on human or mammalian cells, resulting in fewer side effects on the human body. Commonly used penicillin-class drugs include: penicillin G, ampicillin, amoxicillin (Amoxicillin, Amoksicin), oxacillin, etc.
2. Cephalosporin-class: This class of antibiotics has developed rapidly and become increasingly widely used since their introduction to clinical practice in the 1960s. Traditionally, they are divided into first, second, and third generations based on time and their effects on bacteria. Commonly used drugs include: cephalexin (Keflex), cefazolin (Keflin), cefadroxil (Duricef), cefuroxime (Ceftin), ceftriaxone (Rocephin), cefotaxime (Cefotaxime), cefepime (Maxipime), etc.
3. Aminoglycoside-class: This class of antibiotics is stable in nature and has a broad spectrum of antibacterial activity. Under aerobic conditions, they exert a killing effect on sensitive bacteria. Their therapeutic index (therapeutic dose/toxic dose)