What are the reasons for convulsions in 1-year-old children with fever and how to deal with them?

Patient's question:

Patient Age: One year
Detailed Condition and Purpose of Consultation: Seizures occurred when the child's temperature was 38.7°C, and the temperature is often high even when the head feels normal.
Duration of Onset and Duration of Illness: The onset was sudden and unpredictable.
Current General Condition: Currently vigilant, monitoring the temperature status.
Medical History: None.
Previous Diagnoses, Treatments, and Outcomes: During routine treatment, only the high temperature was lowered, but the specific cause was not identified.
Ancillary Examinations: None.

Doctor's answer:

Your child has a high fever seizure.
High fever seizures are common in children aged 6 months to 2 years, often occurring suddenly during a feverish illness. If the parents also had a history of high fever seizures as children, the likelihood of this child having a seizure is 3 to 10 times higher than that of other children.
Possible causes of high fever seizures include upper respiratory infections such as colds, tracheitis, or tonsillitis. Seizures may occur when the body temperature rises rapidly, typically lasting about 10 minutes and involving. Other infections, such as those affecting the urinary system, gastrointestinal tract, or central nervous system, that cause fever and seizures do not fall under the category of high fever seizures.
When a child has their first seizure, parents often panic. Seeing the child's body stiffen, head tilt backward, foam at the mouth, and lose consciousness, they may quickly hold the child close, shout loudly, and shake them vigorously. However, this is not appropriate. Instead, the child should be placed on a bed or table, without a pillow, with their head tilted to one side to prevent saliva from entering the trachea. The collar should be loosened immediately to keep the airway clear. Physical cooling methods can be applied to children with high fever, such as placing a cold towel on the forehead, using alcohol or diluted with an equal amount of warm water to wipe the neck, armpits, and inner thighs. Additionally, the navel point (the upper one-third of the philtrum) can be pressed with fingernails to stop the seizure. After these emergency measures, the child should be taken to the hospital promptly. Seizures usually stop after medication for sedation and fever reduction is administered.
A prolonged seizure can lead to brain hypoxia, severe brain edema, or even brain damage, which may affect the child's intelligence. Therefore, when a child has a seizure, the nearest hospital should be chosen first.