How to judge whether the development is good after pediatric orchiopexy?

Patient's question:

Patient Gender: My son had an orchiopexy at the age of three and is now 10 years old. His testicles are still small, and I don't know if he is developing normally.

Doctor's answer:

The occurrence of cryptorchidism generally affects testicular development. Unilateral cryptorchidism leading to incomplete development of one testicle usually does not significantly impact a child's physical development, as the other testicle can compensate. If both testicles are cryptorchid, it can result in insufficient secretion of body androgens, affecting development. The best method to assess whether unilateral cryptorchidism is developing well is fine-needle aspiration cytology. Alternatively, the size and texture of the testicle can also be used to roughly determine its development status.

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