Patient's question:
A 5-month-old baby boy, breastfed, sometimes supplemented with a little formula. Recently, he has had diarrhea, sometimes sticky, sometimes black, sometimes green, and sometimes with a few red streaks. What could be the reason? It seems to be related to the mother eating fish. If she doesn't eat it, there is no diarrhea, but if she doesn't eat it, she lacks nutrition. Does anyone have any advice on what to do?Doctor's answer:
Hello:(1) Appropriate nutritional supply during dietary therapy is very important for promoting recovery from the disease, reducing the extent of weight loss and growth stagnation, shortening the recovery time after diarrhea, and preventing malnutrition. After the diarrhea stops, continue to provide a nutrient-rich diet with one additional meal daily for two weeks to catch up on normal growth. Children with malnutrition or those in the recovery phase of chronic diarrhea may require a longer duration until malnutrition is resolved.
(2) For infectious diarrhea, attention should be paid to disinfection and isolation. Monitor vomiting, bowel movements, and urination. Administer water or saline solutions for oral rehydration on schedule and control the speed of intravenous fluid administration. Strengthen eye care to prevent aspiration from vomiting. Turn the patient frequently to prevent secondary pneumonia.
(3) For viral enteritis, dietary therapy and supportive therapy are the primary approaches, and antibiotics are not required. Acute enteritis caused by non-invasive bacteria is often self-limiting, and supportive therapy alone may lead to recovery. However, antibiotics should still be used for newborns, infants, weakened children, and severe cases. Invasive bacterial enteritis generally requires antibiotic treatment.
1) Escherichia coli: Gentamicin, pipemidic acid, ofloxacin, furazolidone, certain cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole, berberine, ampicillin, etc.
2) Campylobacter fetus: Erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, ofloxacin.
3) Yersinia enterocolitica: Gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, cotrimoxazole.
4) Salmonella typhimurium: Ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, cefotetan.
5) Staphylococcus aureus: Discontinue the original antibiotic and use vancomycin.