What causes a baby to spit up?

Patient's question:

The baby has been exclusively breastfed, but recently has been spitting up frequently. Whenever the baby is laid flat after feeding, it's like milk is spraying out, causing the baby to cry uncontrollably. Now, the baby is only fed while being held upright, and even after feeding, the baby is not allowed to be laid flat. The baby does not have a fever or cough, but is prone to spitting up.
What kind of help is needed: What causes infants to spit up?

Doctor's answer:

Analysis of the condition: Nausea and vomiting in infants are relatively common because the stomach of a baby is in a horizontal position, has a small capacity, and the cardia connecting to the esophagus is wider and less likely to close, while the pylorus connecting to the small intestine is tighter. If an infant swallows a lot of air while feeding, the milk is prone to reflux into the oral cavity, causing vomiting.

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