Patient's question:
Patient Age: Four and a half monthsDetailed Condition and Purpose of Consultation: My baby had diarrhea on Saturday, with slightly loose, reddish stools. The next day, when we went to the hospital, they diagnosed acute bacterial gastroenteritis. After receiving intravenous fluids, the condition has improved, but suddenly this afternoon, he had another bowel movement with very watery, loose stools like scrambled eggs. A test only showed globulin 0-2. He had one bowel movement at night. What should we do?
Doctor's answer:
Hello:(1) Dietary Therapy
Appropriate nutritional support during diarrhea is crucial for promoting recovery, reducing weight loss and growth stagnation, shortening the recovery period after diarrhea, and preventing malnutrition. After diarrhea subsides, continue providing nutrient-rich food with one additional snack per day for two weeks to catch up on normal growth. Children with malnutrition or those in the recovery phase of chronic diarrhea may require a longer duration until malnutrition is resolved.
(2) Care
For infectious diarrhea, attention should be paid to disinfection and isolation. Monitor vomiting, bowel movements, and urination. Administer water or saline solutions for oral rehydration on schedule and control the rate of intravenous fluid infusion. Strengthen eye care to prevent aspiration from vomiting. Turn the patient frequently to prevent secondary pneumonia.
(3) Controlling Infection
Viral enteritis is primarily treated with dietary therapy and supportive care, without the need for antibiotics. Non-invasive bacterial acute enteritis is often self-limiting and can usually be cured with supportive therapy alone. However, antibiotics are still recommended for newborns, infants, weakened children, and severe cases. Invasive bacterial enteritis generally requires antibiotic treatment.
1) Escherichia coli: Gentamicin, pipemidic acid, ofloxacin, furazolidone, certain cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole, berberine, ampicillin, etc.
2) Campylobacter fetus: Erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, ofloxacin.
3) Yersinia enterocolitica: Gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, cotrimoxazole.
4) Salmonella typhimurium: Ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, cefotetan.
5) Staphylococcus aureus: Discontinue the original antibiotic.