How is undescended testicle treated in children?

Patient's question:

My son is almost one year old. His right testicle has not descended, and it cannot be felt with the hand. A few days ago, an ultrasound examination showed that it was located in the right inguinal region, and its development is not good. How should it be treated?
First follow-up question: A doctor suggested that I use some male hormones. If I do, will it have any impact on the child?

Doctor's answer:

The treatment of undescended testicles should include hormone therapy and surgical therapy.
(1) Hormone therapy primarily uses HCG (human chorionic gonadotropin). The principle is to maintain persistent and stable serum HCG levels to stimulate Leydig cells to secrete sufficient testosterone, promoting the descent of the testicles. Within 6 months after birth, there is a possibility of the undescended testicles descending into the scrotum. After 6 months, hormone therapy should be considered. The optimal treatment age is within 2 years.

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