What is a petit mal seizure?

Patient's question:

My dear son, while playing, suddenly turned pale, his eyes fixed, motionless and unresponsive, neither falling down nor trembling. This happened twice in one day. He is just 5 years old this year, and this has never happened before. Searching online, it is said that this could be a small seizure. I am wondering what a small seizure is?

Doctor's answer:

(1) Small recurrence with low variability (atypical small recurrence): ① Myoclonic recurrence: Bilateral rhythmic myoclonic seizures originating from the head and upper limbs, which can occur singly or repeatedly many times. The recurrence does not accompany loss of consciousness and can recur at any time. ② Akinetic recurrence: Sudden recurrence of transient loss of muscle tone, making it impossible to maintain posture. When standing, it manifests as sudden head lowering, knee bending, and falling. Sometimes, it can recur several times in succession, with brief episodes of loss of consciousness or altered consciousness, followed by immediate recovery.

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