What are the causes of infantile spasms?

Patient's question:

My daughter is just over 6 months old. Around 5 and a half months, one day at noon, she was playing on the bed with her dinner going well, and suddenly she had a full-body seizure. Her toy fell from her hand. It lasted for about 5 or 6 minutes before she recovered. It was just that one time; she is usually normal.
What kind of help do I need: What causes seizures in infants? How are they treated?

Doctor's answer:

Infantile spasms can occur again from a few days after birth to 30 months, with the peak onset before 6 months of age. To prevent the recurrence of infantile spasms and their transformation into tonic-clonic seizures or psychomotor seizures, the drug dosage should not be increased even after the spasms have completely stopped. Instead, it is important to continue medication for 2–4 years and then gradually reduce the dose under the guidance of a doctor until it is completely stopped. Additionally, parents should pay special attention to the fact that once the child starts taking medication, they should visit the hospital for follow-up every 2–3 weeks, and then undergo follow-up examinations every 3–6 months thereafter.

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