Patient's question:
A 1.5-year-old child has been having diarrhea that won't stop. They have taken medicine, but the stool is still always runny. Their buttocks are always red. Don't know what to do.Doctor's answer:
Hello: Treatment of Pediatric Diarrhea:(1) Dietary Therapy
Appropriate nutritional support during diarrhea is crucial for promoting recovery, reducing weight loss and growth stunting, shortening the recovery time after diarrhea, and preventing malnutrition. After the diarrhea stops, continue to provide nutrient-rich diets and add one extra meal daily for two weeks to catch up on normal growth. Children with malnutrition or those in the recovery phase of chronic diarrhea may require a longer duration until malnutrition is resolved.
(2) Nursing Care
For infectious diarrhea, attention should be paid to disinfection and isolation. Monitor vomiting, bowel movements, and urination. Administer water or saline solutions for oral rehydration on schedule and control the speed of intravenous fluid administration. Strengthen eye care to prevent aspiration from vomiting. Turn the child frequently to prevent secondary pneumonia.
(3) Controlling Infection
Viral gastroenteritis is primarily treated with dietary therapy and supportive care, and antibiotics are not required. Acute intestinal infections caused by non-invasive bacteria are often self-limiting and can be cured with supportive therapy alone. However, antibiotics should still be used for newborns, infants, weakened children, and severe cases. Invasive bacterial gastroenteritis generally requires antibiotic treatment.
1) Escherichia coli: Gentamicin, pipemidic acid, ofloxacin, furazolidone, certain cephalosporins, cotrimoxazole, berberine, ampicillin, etc.
2) Campylobacter fetus: Erythromycin, gentamicin, chloramphenicol, furazolidone, ofloxacin.
3) Yersinia enterocolitica: Gentamicin, chloramphenicol, ofloxacin, cotrimoxazole.
4) Salmonella typhimurium: Ampicillin, gentamicin, ciprofloxacin, cefazolin, cefotaxime.
5) Staphylococcus aureus: Discontinue the original medication.