Patient's question:
My younger sister's little nephew is six years old this year. The child initially showed symptoms of calcium deficiency, later developing a white substance in the urine, and had extremely low immunity, frequently catching fevers and colds. After taking him to the hospital for examination, the doctor diagnosed him with nephrotic syndrome.Doctor's answer:
The pediatric field has differing views on the application of the term "nephrotic syndrome." Pediatric nephrotic syndrome is a clinical condition caused by various factors or etiologies leading to increased glomerular permeability, resulting in a significant loss of protein in the urine. Clinically, it is characterized by the following features: heavy proteinuria (qualitative as+++ or more, quantitative as more than 0.1g/kg/d in children), hypoalbuminemia (serum albumin of 5.20mmol/L in children), and significant edema, forming a clinical syndrome with these common characteristics. It is evident that nephrotic syndrome is a clinical condition of pediatric nephrosis, rather than a disease or issue of nephrotic syndrome used for final diagnosis.