Patient's question:
Main symptoms: Foot swelling Onset time: 2007 Laboratory test results: 3+ protein loss in urine with occult bloodDoctor's answer:
Dietary Principles:(1) Depending on whether the patient has hypertension and edema, a low-salt or salt-free diet should be provided.
(2) The supply of protein should generally meet normal needs, with 0.8–1.0 grams per kilogram of body weight for adults daily. High-quality proteins such as eggs, dairy, and meat should be selected to compensate for losses, prevent, and treat edema and anemia.
(3) Foods rich in vitamins A, B2, and C are recommended.
(4) Fluid intake should not be restricted. Orange juice, watermelon juice, orange juice, fruit drinks, and vegetable juices can be consumed to promote diuresis and reduce swelling.
(5) If the patient has hypertension or hyperlipoproteinemia, the intake of saturated fatty acids and cholesterol in the diet must be limited. For cases with anemia, foods rich in protein and iron, such as liver, kidneys, beef, egg yolks, and leafy greens, should be chosen.
Patients with acute nephritis often rely on high-carbohydrate diets to replenish energy, making staple foods a crucial part of their diet. In fact, a single staple food is not nutritionally ideal, and a varied diet is healthier. It is advisable to consume a variety of staple foods, such as cornmeal or (strong flour) for steamed cakes or steamed buns, paired with rice porridge.
For acute nephritis patients, vegetables and fruits should be rich in vitamins, low in potassium, and low in sodium. Vegetables like rapeseed, onions, and tomatoes are suitable, while fruits such as apples, strawberries, grapes, and oranges can be consumed. The selection of protein should generally prioritize high-quality animal proteins like milk, eggs, hairtail, and beef, but in limited quantities to avoid overconsumption.