Is it normal for babies to spit up milk?

Patient's question:

Dear expert,
I would like to ask for some advice. My baby is almost four months old now, and she often spits up (mostly clear water and some white lumps like bean curd these past two days). When she passes gas, she also releases very watery poop, but her overall condition seems okay. I just feel she is more fussy than a few days ago. Is this normal?
By the way, she loves sucking her hands, and when she does, she vigorously digs her throat with her fingers, then spits up. Also, she frequently has diarrhea with loose, foamy stools. This is very urgent. Please provide an answer from the expert. Thank you very much.
Medical history and treatment outcomes: None
Help needed: Very urgent. Please provide an answer from the expert. Thank you very much.

Doctor's answer:

Spitting up is a common phenomenon in infants, caused by two main reasons: first, it is a symptom of systemic or gastrointestinal diseases; second, the anatomical and physiological characteristics of the infant's gastrointestinal tract make it prone to spitting up.
1. Feed in adequate amounts, but avoid overfeeding.
2. Eat small meals frequently to reduce the pressure on the stomach.
3. After each feeding, hold the baby upright on your shoulder and gently pat their back. This action helps expel air swallowed into the stomach, thereby reducing stomach pressure.

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