Why do babies spit up?

Patient's question:

A half-month illness description: No matter when, he always spits up milk, and a lot of it. Now he's five and a half months old.
Past treatment history and effectiveness: No treatment has been given. The adults say it's because he eats too much or gets cold, but it shouldn't be like this all the time.
Help needed: Please help me understand what's going on and what to do.

Doctor's answer:

According to your description, the child frequently spits up after birth, and even after being picked up and burped, the spitting up still occurs. The child has bowel movements only every two or three days and passes gas more frequently, which may be related to poor gastrointestinal function. Consider giving the child probiotics to regulate the digestive system. Encourage the baby to drink more water and massage the abdomen. If breastfeeding, try to avoid spicy and irritating foods as much as possible.
My suggestions are:
1. Your baby is basically normal. Don’t worry too much.
2. Reduce the amount of feeding slightly. Don’t feed too much.
3. Use water instead of milk between feedings.
4. When sleeping, keep the head tilted to one side to avoid suffocation.

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